
Sometime back I finally finished the eye-opening book entitled Fat Land, by Greg Critser (2003). The book seeks to explain why the United States is one of the most obese nations on earth (at time of publication, the most obese nation, now second only to Great Britain) and to do so gives a history of eating habits, nutritional devolution, and government interference.
It is absolutely disturbing what impact the lobbyists, corporations, and our government together have had upon the nation’s health and well-being. The introduction of high fructose corn syrup, developed by Japanese scientists in 1971, was the start of our descent into obesity.
High fructose corn syrup, it seems, costs tremendously less to utilize than pure cane sugar, six times sweeter than cane sugar, and could be used for everything sweetener to preservative to coloration. The problem, it was discovered, is that high fructose corn syrup is not digestible by the human liver:
“Fructose, unlike sucrose or dextrose, took a decidedly different route into the human metabolism. Where the latter would go through a complex breakdown process before arriving at the human liver, the former, for some reason, bypassed that breakdown and arrived almost completely intact in the liver… This unique feature of fructose, which was intensified by the high concentration of it in high fructose corn syrup, would come to be called ‘metabolic shunting’”
The 1970s brought more families with not one but two working parents. Convenience food and TV dinners became in high demand as a result. Consumers began to demand lower prices for these convenience foods, with no concern for how the government and food producers would lower the prices, but simply insistent that they did it.
One solution was palm oil, whose prices were consistently very good. Unfortunately for the country’s nutritional health, while palm oil was cheaper to produce and use, it was also very high in saturated fat – its “proponents secretly touted it as ‘cow fat disguised as vegetable oil.” So the U.S. had another nail in the obesity coffin, as it were.
Soon we had cheaply produced food, with very little nutritional value, and the public didn’t care: the public had cheaper, delicious, more convenient food, what else mattered? Then the public began to insist upon more for their dollar and the supersizing concept was born.
With marketing magic, soon people didn’t feel bad about eating in supersized portions and with the help of marketing mavericks the public were made to believe that their supersized portions were “value meals.” The country was at an economic plateau and was desperate to save a buck, however they could do it. The people were well on their way to the obesity epidemic of the 21st century.
Fat Land goes on from there to explain the overload of calorie content in the average person, and the slow and subtle withdrawal of exercise standardization by the government officials. For those with inquiring minds, a full appendix is available at the back of the book. I highly suggest you read this book. You will never look at the food you eat the same again.